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La-promoted Ni/SBA-15 catalysts (molar ratio of La 2 O 3 /Ni=0.10, 0.25) were prepared by the wetness impregnation method for the reforming of CH 4 with CO 2 . The La species are highly dispersed on the catalyst and cause smaller nickel particles in comparison with the Ni/SBA-15 catalyst. The presence of La in Ni/SBA-15 evidently improves the catalytic activity and...
Calcium–aluminum carbonate (Ca–Al–CO 3 ) sorbents for CO 2 sorption were hydrothermally prepared and tested at 750°C by thermal gravimetric (TG) analysis and fixed-bed reactor method. The Ca/Al molar ratios of the sorbents ranged from 1:1 to 30:1. As the Ca/Al molar ratio increased, the CO 2 sorption mass increased from 13.4 to 74.2wt%. The capturing stability remained stable...
The structure characteristics and gasification activity of residual carbon from entrained-flow coal gasification slag were mainly investigated using a pore structure analyzer, a scanning electron microscopy, a Raman spectroscopy and a thermo-gravimetric analyzer. Simultaneously, a kind of residual carbon from coal chars was used for a reference. Results showed that the residual carbon which was usually...
Nowadays common rail injection systems use high pressures to pump the fuel, even if at these conditions the liquid viscosity increases substantially over atmospheric levels. For the proper operation of these injection systems the knowledge of fuels high-pressure viscosities becomes crucial to optimize the engine performance. This work reports new experimental data of high-pressure viscosities for...
The aim of this work was to determine the surface properties of silica supported cobalt catalyst for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) was used for this purpose as a main analytical tool. Moreover, X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature programmed reduction (TPR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermal...
A quantitative understanding of methane (CH 4 ) adsorption on dry and moist coal and the mechanism of coal swelling is vital for successful coal bed methane (CBM) projects. CH 4 adsorption isotherms of coal with moisture contents ranging from 0 to 3wt% water, the temperature effect on maximum adsorption capacity, coal swelling, and adsorbed phase density have been modeled by performing...
Distributed combustion has been shown to provide significant performance enhancement in terms of ultra low pollutants emission and enhanced combustion stability. In our quest to achieve distributed conditions, several different distributed combustion geometries have been investigated with focus on the resultant pollutants emission and OH * chemiluminescence. In this paper, Planar Laser Induced...
In this paper we report on the development of a sub-kW fuel cell stack integrated with a NaBH 4 -based hydrogen generator. The fuel cell stack was built with 15 open-cathode PEMFCs and employed two fans to supply air for electrochemical reactions as well as for cooling. The open-cathode design simplifies the system’s balance-of-plant. The performance of the present YZFC-OA stack showed an...
Precipitation of a white solid in palm oil based biodiesel (PO-B100) can be found even in PO-B100 that contains minor contaminants (i.e. mono-, di- and triglycerides) within the limitation according to EN-14214 and Thailand’s regulation. To identify compounds causing this precipitation, the precipitates collected at the temperature near cloud point and at room temperature were characterized using...
We report on the first successful realization of self-sustained (autothermal) combustion of mechanically activated micronized coal in a pilot-scale installation of a nominal capacity of 5MW. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of the thermal decomposition of coal milled in several types of mills showed that a new rotating impact disintegrator (DIS) decreases the overall coal activation threshold...
HPCR (High Pressure Common Rail) design features of modern fuel injection systems and engine working conditions force the use of fuels with good thermooxidative properties, very low solids and metallic elements content, satisfactory resistance to microbial contamination and, above all, very effective detergent performance to prevent deposit formation and its accumulation in modern HSDI (High Speed...
Catalytic pyrolysis of biomass over metal modified zeolites (multifunctional catalysts) is a very promising route for production of hydrocarbons and less oxygenated liquid feedstock suitable for fuels and/or chemicals. In this work the effect of zeolite to binder ratio (Z/B) of a metal modified HZSM5, on products yields and composition during steam pyrolysis of biomass has been investigated. Increased...
The French Grenelle environment initiative defined different actions for sustainable development. One of them was to recycle 75% of the household packaging in 2012. Nowadays 4400 million tons are recycled representing 86% the total of papers and cardboard packaging. This paper studies the energy recovery of paper and cardboard pellets, pure or blended with sawdust in a commercial residential pellet...
In this research have been achieved the optimized experimental conditions to obtain the partial transesterification of sunflower oil with methanol, using CaO as an alkaline heterogeneous catalyst, to produce one mole of monoglicride (MG) and two moles of fatty acids methyl esters (FAME). This blend constitutes a new type of biofuel (Ecodiesel), applicable to diesel engines, which integrates the glycerine...
This study aims to investigate the roles of char in the in situ destruction of tar during the volatile–char interactions. Rice straw and water/acid-washed rice straw samples were pyrolysed at 850°C with controlled extents of volatile–char interactions in a fluidised-bed/fixed-bed reactor. Our results indicate that the amount of tar decreases significantly with increasing extent of volatile–char interactions...
This paper reports the characterization of clathrate hydrates containing CH 4 or CO 2 and tetrahydropyran (THP) by means of phase equilibrium and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) measurements toward hydrate-based gas separation technology. The equilibrium conditions were measured by isochoric method in the range of temperature from 281.0 to 294.8K and pressure from 0.54 to 3.81MPa....
Torrefied biomass is a coal-like fuel that can be burned in biomass boilers or co-fired with coal in co-firing furnaces. To make quantitative predictions regarding combustion behavior, devolatilization should be accurately described. In this work, the devolatilization of three torrefied biomasses and their parent material were tested in an isothermal plug flow reactor, which is able to rapidly heat...
Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) has been studied theoretically, experimentally and numerically as a promising EOR process. Most of the simulation works have been conducted microscopically in homogeneous non-dipping models. In this communication, the effect of operational parameters on SAGD performance is investigated in a dip heterogeneous naturally fractured reservoir (NFR) with oil wet rock...
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